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Cybersecurity 101

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Medusa

The Medusa ransomware group is a well-documented and active ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) operation that emerged in early 2023. The group targets mid- to large-sized organizations across a wide range of sectors, including healthcare, education, manufacturing, and professional services, with attacks observed globally. Medusa is known for its aggressive double extortion strategy, exfiltrating sensitive data before [...]

2025-12-16T11:02:10+00:00December 16th, 2025|

MITRE Attack Framework

MITRE Attack Framework is a knowledge base of tactics, using real-world observations, designed to help classify specific attacks, objectives and assess an organization's risk.

2023-07-06T08:18:04+01:00July 6th, 2023|

Model Context Protocol (MCP)

What is the Model Context Protocol (MCP)? The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is an open standard that enables artificial intelligence systems, particularly large language models (LLMs), to connect directly with external tools, data sources, and applications. Introduced by Anthropic in 2024, MCP provides a standardized framework that allows AI assistants and agents to access [...]

2026-03-05T11:28:07+00:00March 5th, 2026|

Multi Factor Authentication (MFA)

Multi Factor Authentication (MFA) is a security method that requires a user to provide two or more verification factors to login. This method is used to protect user data, such as PII and financial assets, from being accessed by unauthorized parties who may have gained access to login details and passwords associated with an [...]

2023-03-07T16:55:27+00:00March 7th, 2023|

Network Perimeter

A network perimeter is a boundary between the secured private and locally managed side of a network, and the public facing external side of a network.

2023-03-08T13:50:36+00:00March 8th, 2023|

NightSpire

The NightSpire ransomware group is a recently identified threat actor contributing to the growing number of newly branded ransomware operations. Unlike more established groups, NightSpire appears to be in an early operational phase, with limited but deliberate activity aimed at establishing credibility through high-impact intrusions. Rather than relying on broad campaigns, NightSpire’s attacks suggest a [...]

2025-12-16T13:28:13+00:00December 16th, 2025|

Nitrogen

The Nitrogen ransomware group is a recently identified threat actor, first noted in 2024, and is part of the steady stream of new ransomware names entering the ecosystem. Reporting on Nitrogen is still sparse, indicating it is likely in an early phase of activity or operating as a rebranded variant rather than an established [...]

2025-12-16T13:34:06+00:00December 16th, 2025|

Nova

The Nova ransomware group is a recently surfaced threat actor, first observed in 2024, and appears to be part of the ongoing wave of newly branded ransomware operations. Public reporting on Nova is limited. Nova’s activity indicates a preference for focused, opportunistic attacks rather than large-scale campaigns. The group combines system encryption with data [...]

2025-12-16T13:38:48+00:00December 16th, 2025|

Obscura

The Obscura ransomware group is a newly identified threat actor and appears to be part of the continual churn of emerging ransomware brands. Information on Obscura remains limited, suggesting it is either in an early operational phase or deliberately maintaining a low profile while establishing its presence. Obscura’s operations indicate a measured and selective [...]

2025-12-16T13:40:01+00:00December 16th, 2025|